RESOLUTION MEPC.244(66)
Adopted on 4 April 2014
2014
STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR SHIPBOARD INCINERATORS
THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION COMMITTEE,
RECALLING Article 38(a) of the Convention on the International
Maritime Organization concerning the function of the Marine Environment
Protection Committee (the Committee) conferred upon it by international
conventions for the prevention and control of marine pollution from ships,
RECALLING ALSO that, at its fortieth session, the Committee
adopted, by resolution MEPC.76(40),
the Standard specification for shipboard incinerators, in respect of
regulation 16.6.1 and appendix IV to MARPOL Annex VI,
NOTING that, at its forty-fifth session, the Committee adopted, by
resolution MEPC.93(45),
Amendments to the standard specification for shipboard incinerators,
NOTING ALSO that, at its sixty-fourth session, the Committee
decided that incinerators with a capacity greater than 1,500 kW and up to 4,000
kW can be type-approved under the existing standard specification for shipboard
incinerators,
BEING AWARE of the need to update the definition section, as well
as references to the SOLAS Convention and IEC standards in the Standard
specification for shipboard incinerators,
HAVING CONSIDERED, at its sixty-sixth session, the 2014 Standard
specification for shipboard incinerators,
1. ADOPTS the 2014 Standard
specification for shipboard incinerators, as set out in the annex to the
present resolution;
2. INVITES Administrations to
take the annexed Standard specification into account when certifying a
shipboard incinerator;
3. INVITES Governments to note
that, taking into account regulation 16.5.2 of MARPOL Annex VI,
the standard specification for shipboard incinerators does not apply to the
design, installation and operation of alternative designs of shipboard thermal
waste treatment devices including those which use thermal processes to convert
ship generated wastes to gas;
4. REQUESTS the Parties to MARPOL Annex VI
and other Member Governments to bring the annexed standard specification to the
attention of shipowners, ship operators, shipbuilders, manufacturers of
shipboard incinerators and any other interested groups;
5. SUPERSEDES the Standard
specification for shipboard incinerators adopted by resolution MEPC.76(40),
as amended by resolution MEPC.93(45).
ANNEX
2014 STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR SHIPBOARD INCINERATORS
Table
of contents
1 Scope
2 Definitions
3 Materials and manufacture
4 Operating requirements
5 Operating controls
6 Other requirements
7 Tests
8 Certification
9 Marking
10 Quality assurance
|
Annex
1 |
Emission
standard for shipboard incinerators with capacities of up to 4,000 kW |
|
Annex
2 |
Fire
protection requirements for incinerators and waste stowage spaces |
|
Annex
3 |
Incinerators
integrated with heat recovery units |
|
Annex
4 |
Flue
gas temperature |
|
Annex
5 |
Form of IMO type aproval certificate for shipboard incinerators
with capacities of up to 4,000 kW |
1 SCOPE
1.1 The 2014 Standard
specification for shipboard incinerators (the Specification) covers the design,
manufacture, performance, operation and testing of incinerators intended to
incinerate garbage and other shipboard wastes generated during the ship's
normal service.
1.2 This Specification
applies to those incinerator plants with capacities up to 4,000 kW per unit.
1.3 This Specification
does not apply to systems on special incinerator ships, e.g. for burning
industrial wastes such as chemicals, manufacturing residues, etc.
1.4 This Specification
does not address the electrical supply to the unit, nor the foundation
connections and stack connections.
1.5 This Specification
provides emission requirements in annex 1, and fire protection requirements in
annex 2. Provisions for incinerators
integrated with heat recovery units and provisions for flue gas temperature are
given in annex 3 and annex 4, respectively.
1.6 This Specification
may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. It does not purport
to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use, including possible port State limitations.
2 DEFINITIONS
For the purpose of the Specification, the following definitions
apply:
2.1 Ship means a
vessel of any type whatsoever operating in the marine environment and includes
hydrofoil boats, air-cushioned vehicles, submersibles, floating craft and fixed
or floating platforms.
2.2 Shipboard
incinerator or incinerator means a shipboard facility designed for
the primary purpose of incineration.
2.3 Garbage
means all kinds of food wastes, domestic wastes and operational wastes, all
plastics, cargo residues, incinerator ashes, cooking oil, fishing gear, and
animal carcasses generated during the normal operation of the ship and liable
to be disposed of continuously or periodically except those substances which
are defined or listed in Annexes to MARPOL. Garbage does not include fresh fish
and parts thereof generated as a result of fishing activities undertaken during
the voyage, or as a result of aquaculture activities which involve the
transport of fish including shellfish for placement in the aquaculture facility
and the transport of harvested fish including shellfish from such facilities to
shore for processing.
2.4 Waste means useless, unneeded or
superfluous matter which is to be discarded.
2.5 Food wastes
means any spoiled or unspoiled food substances and includes fruits, vegetables,
dairy products, poultry, meat products and food scraps generated aboard ship.
2.6 Plastic
means a solid material which contains as an essential ingredient one or more
high molecular mass polymers and which is formed (shaped) during either
manufacture of the polymer or the fabrication into a finished product by heat
and/or pressure. Plastics have material properties ranging from hard and
brittle to soft and elastic. For the purposes of this specification, plastic
means all garbage that consists of or includes plastic in any form, including
synthetic ropes, synthetic fishing nets, plastic garbage bags and incinerator
ashes from plastic products.
2.7 Domestic wastes
means all types of wastes not covered by Annexes to MARPOL that are generated
in the accommodation spaces on board the ship. Domestic wastes does not include
grey water.
2.8 Operational
wastes means all solid wastes (including slurries) not covered by Annexes
to MARPOL that are collected on board during normal maintenance or operations
of a ship, or used for cargo stowage and handling. Operational wastes also
includes cleaning agents and additives contained in cargo hold and external
wash water. Operational wastes does not include grey water, bilge water or
other similar discharges essential to the operation of a ship, taking into
account the guidelines developed by the Organization.
2.9 Oil residue
(sludge) means the residual waste oil products generated during the normal
operation of a ship such as those resulting from the purification of fuel or
lubricating oil for main or auxiliary machinery, separated waste oil from oil
filtering equipment, waste oil collected in drip trays, and waste hydraulic and
lubricating oils.
2.10 Oily rags
means rags which have been saturated with oil as controlled in Annex I to
MARPOL. Contaminated rags are rags which have been saturated with a substance
defined as a harmful substance in Annexes to MARPOL.
2.11 Cargo residues
means the remnants of any cargo which are not covered by Annexes to MARPOL and
which remain on the deck or in holds following loading or unloading, including
loading and unloading excess or spillage, whether in wet or dry condition or
entrained in wash water but does not include cargo dust remaining on the deck
after sweeping or dust on the external surfaces of the ship.
2.12 Fishing gear means
any physical device or part thereof or combination of items that may be placed
on or in the water or on the sea-bed with the intended purpose of capturing or
controlling for subsequent capture or harvesting, marine or fresh water
organisms.
3 MATERIALS AND
MANUFACTURE
3.1 The materials used
in the individual parts of the incinerator are to be suitable for the intended
application with respect to heat resistance, mechanical properties, oxidation,
corrosion, etc. as in other auxiliary marine equipment.
3.2 Piping for fuel and
oil residue (sludge) should be seamless steel of adequate strength and to the
satisfaction of the Administration. Short lengths of steel, or annealed copper
nickel, nickel copper, or copper pipe and tubing may be used at the burners.
The use of non-metallic materials for fuel lines is prohibited. Valves and
fittings may be threaded in sizes up to and including 60 mm O.D. (outside
diameter), but threaded unions are not to be used on pressure lines in sizes 33
mm O.D. and over.
3.3 All rotating or
moving mechanical and exposed electrical parts should be protected against
accidental contact.
3.4 Incinerator walls
are to be protected with insulated fire bricks/refractory and a cooling
system. Outside surface temperature of
the incinerator casing being touched during normal operations should not exceed
20C above ambient temperature.
3.5 Refractory should
be resistant to thermal shocks and resistant to normal ship's vibration. The
refractory design temperature should be equal to the combustion chamber design
temperature plus 20% (see paragraph 4.1).
3.6 Incinerating
systems should be designed such that corrosion will be minimized on the inside
of the systems.
3.7 In systems equipped
for incinerating liquid wastes, safe ignition and maintenance of combustion
should be ensured, e.g. by a supplementary burner using gas oil/diesel oil or
equivalent.
3.8 The combustion
chamber(s) should be designed for easy maintenance of all internal parts
including the refractory and insulation.
3.9 The combustion
process should take place under negative pressure which means that the pressure
in the furnace under all circumstances should be lower than the ambient
pressure in the room where the incinerator is installed. A flue gas fan may be
fitted to secure negative pressure.
3.10 The incinerating
furnace may be charged with solid waste either by hand or automatically. In
every case, fire dangers should be avoided and charging should be possible
without danger to the operating personnel.
.1 For instance, where charging is carried
out by hand, a charging lock may be provided which ensures that the charging
space is isolated from the fire box as long as the filling hatch is open.
.2 Where charging is not effected through a
charging lock, an interlock should be installed to prevent the charging door
from opening while the incinerator is in operation with burning of garbage in
progress or while the furnace temperature is above 220C.
3.11 Incinerators
equipped with a feeding sluice or system should ensure that the material
charged will move to the combustion chamber. Such system should be designed
such that both operator and environment are protected from hazardous exposure.
3.12 Interlocks should be
installed to prevent ash removal doors from opening while burning is in
progress or while the furnace temperature is above 220C.
3.13 The incinerator
should be provided with a safe observation port of the combustion chamber in
order to provide visual control of the burning process and waste accumulation
in the combustion chamber. Neither heat, flame, nor particles should be able to
pass through the observation port. An example of a safe observation port is
high-temperature glass with a metal closure.
3.14 Electrical
requirements1
______________________________
1 International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) Standards, particularly IEC Publication 60092 Electrical Installations
in Ships, are applicable for this equipment.
3.14.1 Electrical installation requirements should apply to all
electrical equipment, including controls, safety devices, cables, and burners
and incinerators.
3.14.1.1 A disconnecting means capable of being locked in the open
position should be installed at an accessible location at the incinerator so
that the incinerator can be disconnected from all sources of potential. This
disconnecting means should be an integral part of the incinerator or adjacent
to it (see paragraph 5.1).
3.14.1.2 All uninsulated live metal parts should be guarded to
avoid accidental contact.
3.14.1.3 The electrical equipment should be so arranged so that
failure of this equipment will cause the fuel supply to be shut off.
3.14.1.4 All electrical contacts of every safety device installed
in the control circuit should be electrically connected in series. However,
special consideration should be given to arrangements when certain devices are
wired in parallel.
3.14.1.5 All electrical components and devices should have a
voltage rating commensurate with the supply voltage of the control system.
3.14.1.6 All electrical devices and electric equipment exposed to
the weather should meet the requirements of international standards acceptable
to the Organization.2
______________________________
2 Refer to IEC Publication
60092-201, table V (1994-08 edition).
3.14.1.7 All electrical and mechanical control devices should be
of a type tested and accepted by a nationally recognized testing agency,
according to international standards.
3.14.1.8 The design of the control circuits should be such that
limit and primary safety controls should directly open a circuit that functions
to interrupt the supply of fuel to combustion units.
3.14.2 Overcurrent protection
3.14.2.1 Conductors for interconnecting wiring that is smaller
than the supply conductors should be provided with overcurrent protection based
on the size of the smallest interconnecting conductors external to any control
box, in accordance with the requirements of international standards acceptable
to the Organization.9
______________________________
3 Refer to IEC Publication
60092-202 (1994-03 edition with amendment).
3.14.2.2 Overcurrent protection for interconnecting wiring should
be located at the point where the smaller conductors connect to the larger
conductors. However, overall overcurrent protection is acceptable if it is
sized on the basis of the smallest conductors of the interconnecting wiring, or
in accordance with the requirements of international standards acceptable to
the Organization.4
______________________________
4 Refer to IEC Publication
60092-202 (1994-03 edition with amendment).
3.14.2.3 Overcurrent protection devices should be accessible and
their function should be identified.
3.14.3 Motors
3.14.3.1 All electric motors should have enclosures corresponding
to the environment where they are located, at least IP 44, in accordance with
the requirements of international
standards acceptable to the Organization.5
______________________________
5 Refer to IEC Publication
60529 (2013-08 edition with amendment).
3.14.3.2 Motors should be provided with a corrosion-resistant
nameplate specifying information in accordance with the requirements of
international standards acceptable to the Organization.6
______________________________
6 Refer to IEC Publication
60092-301 (1980-01 edition with amendment).
3.14.3.3 Motors should be provided with running protection by means
of integral thermal protection, by overcurrent devices, or a combination of
both in accordance with manufacturer's instruction that should meet the
requirements of international standards acceptable to the Organization.7
______________________________
7 Refer to IEC Publication
60092-202 (1994-03 edition with amendment).
3.14.3.4 Motors should be rated for continuous duty and should be
designed for an ambient temperature of 45C or higher.
3.14.3.5 All motors should be provided with terminal leads or
terminal screws in terminal boxes integral with, or secured to, the motor
frames.
3.14.4 Ignition system
3.14.4.1 When automatic electric ignition is provided, it should
be accomplished by means of either a high-voltage electric spark, a high-energy
electric spark, or a glow coil.
3.14.4.2 Ignition transformers should have an enclosure
corresponding to the environment where they are located, at least IP 44 in
accordance with the requirements of international standards acceptable to the
Organization.8
______________________________
8 Refer to IEC publication
60529 (2013-08 edition with amendment).
3.14.4.3 Ignition cable should meet the requirements of
international standards acceptable to the Organization.9
______________________________
9 Refer to IEC Publication
60092-503 (2007-06 edition with amendment).
3.14.5 Wiring
All wiring for incinerators should be rated and selected in
accordance with the requirements
of international standards acceptable to the Organization.10
______________________________
10 Refer to IEC Publication
60092-352 (2005-09 edition with amendment).
3.14.6 Bonding and grounding
3.14.6.1 Means should be provided for grounding the major metallic
frame or assembly of the incinerators.
3.14.6.2 Non-current carrying enclosures, frames and similar parts
of all electrical components and devices should be bonded to the main frame or
assembly of the incinerator. Electrical components that are bonded by their
installation do not require a separate bonding conductor.
3.14.6.3 When an insulated conductor is used to bond electrical
components and devices, it should show a continuous green colour, with or
without a yellow stripe.
4 OPERATING
REQUIREMENTS
4.1 The incinerator
system should be designed and constructed for operation with the following
conditions:
|
Maximum
combustion chamber |
|
|
flue
gas outlet temperature Minimum
combustion chamber |
1,200C |
|
flue
gas outlet temperature Preheat
temperature of |
850C
|
|
combustion
chamber |
650C
|
4.2 For batch loaded
incinerators, there are no preheating requirements. However, the incinerator
should be designed that the temperature in the actual combustion space should
reach 600C within 5 minutes after start.
|
Prepurge,
before ignition: |
at least 4 air changes in the chamber(s) and stack, but not less
than 15 s. |
|
Time
between restarts: |
at least 4 air changes in the chamber(s) and stack, but not less
than 15 s. |
|
Postpurge,
after shut-off fuel oil: |
not less than 15 s after the closing of the fuel oil valve. |
|
Incinerator
discharge gases: |
Minimum
6% O2 (measured in dry flue gas). |
4.3 Outside surface of
combustion chamber(s) should be shielded from contact such that people in
normal work situations will not be exposed to extreme heat (20C above ambient
temperature) or direct contact of surface temperatures exceeding 60C. Examples
for alternatives to accomplish this are a double jacket with an air flow in
between or an expanded metal jacket.
4.4 Incinerating
systems are to be operated with underpressure (negative pressure) in the
combustion chamber such that no gases or smoke can leak out to the surrounding
areas.
4.5 The incinerator
should have warning plates attached in a prominent location on the unit,
warning against unauthorized opening of doors to combustion chamber(s) during
operation and against overloading the incinerator with garbage.
4.6 The incinerator
should have instruction plate(s) attached in a prominent location on the unit
that clearly addresses the following:
4.6.1 Cleaning ashes and
slag from the combustion chamber(s) and cleaning of combustion air openings
before starting the incinerator (where applicable).
4.6.2 Operating procedures
and instructions. These should include proper start-up procedures, normal
shut-down procedures, emergency shut-down procedures, and procedures for
loading garbage (where applicable).
4.7 To avoid building
up of dioxins, the flue gas should be shock-cooled to a maximum 350C within
2.5 m from the combustion chamber flue gas outlet.
5 OPERATING CONTROLS
5.1 The entire unit
should be capable of being disconnected from all sources of electricity by
means of one disconnect switch located near the incinerator (see paragraph
3.14.1.1).
5.2 There should be an
emergency stop switch located outside the compartment which stops all power to
the equipment. The emergency stop switch should also be able to stop all power
to the fuel pumps. If the incinerator is equipped with a flue gas fan, the fan
should be capable of being restarted independently of the other equipment on
the incinerator.
5.3 The control
equipment should be so designed that any failure of the following equipment
will prevent continued operations and cause the fuel supply to be cut off.
5.3.1 Safety
thermostat/draft failure
5.3.1.1 A flue gas temperature controller, with a sensor placed in
the flue gas duct, should be provided that will shut down the burner if the
flue gas temperature exceeds the temperature set by the manufacturer for the
specific design.
5.3.1.2 A combustion temperature controller, with a sensor placed
in the combustion chamber, should be provided that will shut down the burner if
the combustion chamber temperature exceeds the maximum temperature.
5.3.1.3 A negative pressure switch should be provided to monitor
the draft and the negative pressure in the combustion chamber. The purpose of
this negative pressure switch is to ensure that there is sufficient
draft/negative pressure in the incinerator during operations. The circuit to
the program relay for the burner will be opened and an alarm activated before
the negative pressure rises to atmospheric pressure.
5.3.2 Flame
failure/fuel oil pressure
5.3.2.1 The incinerator should have a flame safeguard control
consisting of a flame sensing element and associated equipment for shut down of
the unit in the event of ignition failure and flame failure during the firing
cycle. The flame safeguard control should be so designed that the failure of
any component will cause a safety shut down.
5.3.2.2 The flame safeguard control should be capable of closing
the fuel valves in not more than 4 s after a flame failure.
5.3.2.3 The flame safeguard control should provide a
trial-for-ignition period of not more than 10 s during which fuel may be
supplied to establish flame. If flame is not established within 10 s, the fuel
supply to the burners should be immediately shut off automatically.
5.3.2.4 Whenever the flame safeguard control has operated because
of failure of ignition, flame failure, or failure of any component, only one
automatic restart may be provided. If this is not successful then manual reset
of the flame safeguard control should be required for restart.
5.3.2.5 Flame safeguard controls of the thermostatic type, such as
stack switches and pyrostats operated by means of an open bimetallic helix, are
prohibited.
5.3.2.6 If fuel oil pressure drops below that set by the
manufacturer, a failure and lock out of the program relay should result. This
also applies to an oil residue (sludge) burner (applies where pressure is
important for the combustion process or a pump is not an integral part of the
burner).
5.3.3 Loss of power
If there is a loss of power to the incinerator control/alarm panel
(not remote alarm panel), the system should shut down.
5.4 Fuel supply
Two fuel control solenoid valves should be provided in series in
the fuel supply line to each burner. On multiple burner units, a valve on the
main fuel supply line and a valve at each burner will satisfy this requirement.
The valves should be connected electrically in parallel so that both operate
simultaneously.
5.5 Alarms
5.5.1 An outlet for an
audible alarm should be provided for connection to a local alarm system or a
central alarm system. When a failure occurs, a visible indicator should show
what caused the failure (The indicator may cover more than one fault
condition.).
5.5.2 The visible
indicators should be designed so that, where failure is a safety related
shutdown, manual reset is required.
5.6 After shutdown of
the oil burner, provision should be made for the fire box to cool sufficiently
(as an example, of how this may be accomplished, the exhaust fan or ejector
could be designed to continue to operate. This would not apply in the case of
an emergency manual trip).
6 OTHER REQUIREMENTS
6.1 Documentation
A complete instruction and maintenance manual with drawings,
electric diagrams, spare parts list, etc. should be furnished with each
incinerator.
6.2 Installation
All devices and components should, as fitted in the ship, be
designed to operate when the ship is